IJMES
A Case Report On Dyop Color Perception As A Potential Diagnostic
Due to the ease of use and simplicity of the concept, when Dutch Ophthalmologist Herman Snellen created a scaled series of optotypes in 1862, it quickly became the global standard of vision measurement. What was missing from his innovation was the realization that the mechanics of vision is not limited to humans, and that individuals who did not have cultural familiarity with letter-based words, or could not read were severely impeded in being able to use Snellens methodology. Snellen also ignored the reality of most applications of vision in that it is a dynamic and automatic process rather than a static process per his optotype. He also ignored the inherent inconsistency of his optotype formats and that, for most individuals, vision is a color perception process as well as modulated by the shape of the visual target. This paper reports four cases and/or elucidates the functionality of a new optotype called a Dyop (pronounced di-op) which uses the motion of a segmented ring to create a strobic stimulus of the fovea. That strobic stimulus can have the gaps and segments modulated as to color and shade to precisely measure contrast and acuity in color, with a precision up to six times that of Snellen-type testing and a consistency of up to eight times that of Snellen-type testing. The disparity of the color acuity endpoints, despite black/white acuity endpoints being identical, can be associated with diagnosed symptoms of dyslexia (and possibly migraines and epilepsy), ADHD behavior, and early onset glaucoma. That disparity may also solve one of vision sciences long-standing dilemmas as to what is the regulatory mechanism for acuity and accommodation.